西红花（藏红花）
【气味】甘，平，无毒。
【功效】活血通经；解郁安神；凉血解毒；散瘀止痛。
--摘自《本草纲目》
现代药理研究
西红花（藏红花）富含萜类和黄酮类等有效成分[1-6]。具有很好的护肝[2]、改善骨关节损伤[3]、抗癌[4]、防治肺病[5]、抑制心肌炎[6]等作用。具有丰富的药用价值、营养价值和经济价值。
[1]谭倩,董晓东,王丽丽,等.西红花化学成分、药理作用机制及其开发利用的研究进展.食品与药品,2024,26(03):300-304.
[2]郭亮.药用植物西红花提取物西红花苷缓解力竭运动诱导肝损伤的保护机制.分子植物育种,2025,23(23):7993-8000.DOI:10.13271/j.mpb.023.007993.
[3]代小琴,张雪丽.藏红花源性西红花苷通过AMPK/NF-κB通路调控炎症与软骨代谢改善运动性骨关节损伤.分子植物育种,2025,23(17):5868-5875.DOI:10.13271/j.mpb.023.005868.
[4]于秋梅,刘泽洋,潘博宇,等.基于网络药理学、分子对接技术探究西红花治疗乙型肝炎病毒相关肝癌的分子机制.广州医科大学学报,2025,53(04):1-15.
[5]钱艺蕾,李冲,王钰,等.西红花及其活性成分治疗肺系疾病的研究进展.中草药,2025,56(09):3354-3365.
[6]颜静,蔡晴晴,李煜,等.基于网络药理学和分子对接研究西红花治疗免疫检查点抑制剂相关性心肌炎的作用机制.中国中药杂志,2025,50(09):2515-2525.DOI:10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20250227.301.
现代医学中的应用
西红花（藏红花）已被证实是一种治疗神经精神疾病[1]、治疗注意力缺陷[2]、缓解阿兹海默症的认知障碍[3]、治疗2型糖尿病[4]、抗癌[5]、抗肥胖[6]等的有效药物，西红花（藏红花）及其制剂在现代医学领域有着广泛的应用前景。
[1] El Midaoui A, Ghzaiel I, Vervandier-Fasseur D, et al. Saffron (Crocus sativusL.): A Source of Nutrients for Health and for the Treatment of Neuropsychiatric and Age-Related Diseases.Nutrients. 2022;14(3):597. Published 2022 Jan 29. doi:10.3390/nu14030597
[2] Baziar S, Aqamolaei A, Khadem E, et al. Crocus sativus L. Versus Methylphenidate in Treatment of Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A Randomized, Double-Blind Pilot Study.J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol. 2019;29(3):205-212. doi:10.1089/cap.2018.0146
[3] D'Onofrio G, Nabavi SM, Sancarlo D, Greco A, Pieretti S.Crocus SativusL. (Saffron) in Alzheimer's Disease Treatment: Bioactive Effects on Cognitive Impairment.Curr Neuropharmacol. 2021;19(9):1606-1616. doi:10.2174/1570159X19666210113144703
[4] Amatto PPG, Chaves L, Braga GG, Carmona F, Pereira AMS. Effect of Crocus sativus L. (saffron) and crocin in the treatment of patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis.J Ethnopharmacol. 2024;319(Pt 2):117255. doi:10.1016/j.jep.2023.117255
[5] Kakouri E, Hatziagapiou K, Bethanis K, Nikola OA, Lambrou GI, Tarantilis PA. Tumor-Suppressing Properties of Crocus sativus L.: Nature as an Anti-Cancer Agent.Crit Rev Oncog. 2017;22(3-4):263-273. doi:10.1615/CritRevOncog.2017024841
[6] Tahmasbi F, Araj-Khodaei M, Mahmoodpoor A, Sanaie S. Effects of saffron (Crocus sativus L.) on anthropometric and cardiometabolic indices in overweight and obese patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Phytother Res. 2022;36(9):3394-3414. doi:10.1002/ptr.7530
黎怡生（久健本康编辑部）
