马齿苋
【气味】酸，寒，无毒。
【功效】散血消肿，利肠滑胎，解毒通淋，治产后虚汗。
--摘自《本草纲目》
现代药理研究
马齿苋含有黄酮类、多糖、生物碱、有机酸、萜类及甾体等多种活性成分[1]，具有抗炎、抗氧化、降血糖、调血脂、抗菌、抗病毒及抗肿瘤等多种药理作用[2-4]，可用于辅助治疗糖尿病、高尿酸血症及溃疡性结肠炎等[5-6]，也可用于开发抗氧化、增强免疫及调节肠道健康等功能性食品[7]，具有广阔的药用潜力、营养价值和开发前景[8]。
[1]李博,张东东,李玉泽,等.马齿苋化学成分和药理作用研究进展.陕西中医药大学学报,1-10[2025-12-25].https://link.cnki.net/urlid/61.1501.R.20250515.1516.002.
[2]丁涛,苗宇航,辛杰,等.基于网络药理学和分子对接技术分析马齿苋对奶牛乳腺炎的抗炎机制.畜牧兽医学报,1-18[2025-12-25]. https://link.cnki.net/urlid/11.1985.S.20251120.1903.025.
[3]郭书茸,乔宏萍,刘地,等.马齿苋发酵工艺优化及抗氧化活性分析.动物营养学报,2025,37(09):6422-6433.
[4]黄梅,肖娟,张茂,等.马齿苋抗肿瘤作用机制研究进展.中草药,2025,56(14):5248-5257.．
[5]包美丽.马齿苋降糖成分分离鉴定及对小鼠糖代谢调节作用研究.哈尔滨工业大学,2023.DOI:10.27061/d.cnki.ghgdu.2023.006985.
[6]张一鸣.马齿苋抗高尿酸血症作用机制研究.吉林大学,2024.DOI:10.27162/d.cnki.gjlin.2024.003864.
[7]王娇,袁明金,张华.马齿苋化学成分与药理作用最新研究进展.中国野生植物资源,2023,42(05):74-82.
现代医学中的应用
马齿苋可作用于炎症性肠病[1-2]、糖尿病[3] 及皮肤感染[4]，马齿苋多糖通过调节免疫、抑制氧化应激并改善代谢紊乱，缓解代谢综合征相关症状 [5]。。
[1] Li Z, Chu T, Sun X, Zhuang S, Hou D, Zhang Z, Sun J, Liu Y, Li J, Bian Y. Polyphenols-rich Portulaca oleracea L. (purslane) alleviates ulcerative colitis through restiring the intestinal barrier, gut microbiota and metabolites. Food Chem. 2025 Mar 15;468:142391. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.142391. Epub 2024 Dec 5. PMID: 39675274.
[2] Nkhumeleni Z, Phoswa WN, Mokgalaboni K. Purslane Ameliorates Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review. Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Nov 15;25(22):12276. doi: 10.3390/ijms252212276. PMID: 39596339; PMCID: PMC11595026.
[3] Abbasi S, Mashatan N, Farmani E, Khodashenas M, Musazadeh V, Ahrabi SS, Moridpour AH, Faghfouri AH. The effects of purslane (Portulaca oleracea) on glycemic indices: A GRADE-assessed systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Phytother Res. 2023 Dec;37(12):5529-5540. doi: 10.1002/ptr.7997. Epub 2023 Sep 4. PMID: 37661794.
[4] Heydarirad G, Rastegar S, Haji-Abdolvahab H, Fuzimoto A, Hunter J, Zare R, Pasalar M. Efficacy and safety of purslane (Portulaca oleracea) for mild to moderate chronic hand eczema; A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Explore (NY). 2024 May-Jun;20(3):401-410. doi: 10.1016/j.explore.2023.10.005. Epub 2023 Oct 11. PMID: 37872023.
[5] Narimani B, Amini MR, Sheikhhossein F, Akhgarjand C, Gholizadeh M, Askarpour M, Hekmatdoost A. The effects of purslane consumption on blood pressure, body weight, body mass index, and waist circumference: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled. J Nutr Sci. 2023 Dec 27;12:e129. doi: 10.1017/jns.2023.115. PMID: 38155802; PMCID: PMC10753486.
